But We Had So Many Prospects!

Have you ever wondered what happens to all theAn individual or small team from within sales should
prospects your sales team contacts - and why morebegin by drafting a model of the sales process. One
of them don't end up as customers? Maybe youreffective method is to draw a model of the sales
team is spending too much time with prospects thatprocess using removable labels (such as Post-it notes)
are not qualified or interested buyers, or perhaps theand to put it up on a wall or whiteboard. This
process falls apart at the end, when it's time to actuallyemphasizes that it is a draft document and stimulates
close a sale. A sales funnel can help provide thediscussion among staff members. It is important to
answer by illustrating where potential customers fallremember that estimates of timing and success rates
out of the sales process.throughout the process are crucial components of the
What is a sales funnel?funnel. With a completed model, it is time to bring in the
In the broadest sense, a sales funnel is the graphicalrest of the sales organization and the other
representation of the sales process. It usually startsconstituents to provide their comments. After all
with "lead generation" and ends at the "sale close." It isneeded changes have been made; you can distribute it
an internal tracking system that follows what happensto the organization.
at every stage - which prospects get qualified, whichOnce a funnel is designed, it's useful to measure
ones don't make it past a first proposal, and so on,performance on both a "micro" and "macro" level. The
right down to "sale closed.""micro" metrics will measure each phase of a sale -
The biggest benefit of a funnel for salespeople is thatsuch as the time needed to move to the next stage
by showing them where they lose potential customers,and the percentage of prospects moving to the next
it gives them a better understanding of where theystage. Macro metrics include how long it takes to get
can improve their techniques - and leverage theirthrough the entire funnel, the percentage chance of
strengths. For sales managers, a funnel provides betterdeal closure at each stage and the average deal size.
control of the process and can help them make theThe cost of sales can also be measured.
best use of the time they spend training the salesHow have companies used a sales funnel to improve
force. But a sales funnel is valuable for othersales?
departments, too. It can help a company's topOnce you have a clear understanding of the current
managers - especially manufacturing and productionsales process in your company - the time, cost and
executives- plan better since it can shed light on futureefficiency from one stage to the next along the funnel,
sales and production issues.and throughout the funnel as a whole - it is then
How do I build a sales funnel?possible to begin to pull levers to improve overall
There is no one funnel design that is right for everyperformance
company, and many companies have more than oneThe CEO and vice president of sales at Greenhouse
funnel because they sell through different channels.IT, a fixed-fee provider of workstations, servers and
Direct sales, wholesaler/distributor sales, Internet salesnetwork support in Manhattan, looked at the
and inside sales each dictate different processes.percentage of first meetings that turned into proposals
Different products or services also have very differentand realized that it was too low. The company
sales processes and therefore require different salesconcluded that the screen it was using to define a
funnels. For"qualified" first meeting to its inside sales was not
For example, compare the cases of Interfuse Media, arobust enough. Greenhouse altered the questions that
company that sells advertising space in magazines,inside sales asked and the responses required to
and ChemCo, a specialty chemical manufacturer.schedule a meeting. This lowered the percentage of
Interfuse is selling a fairly simple, easily understoodfirst meetings they were getting from inside sales, but
product - ad space - for a magazine that is targetingdramatically increased the percentage of proposals
pregnant women who are 35 years and older.(and contracts) from those meetings. Overall, this
ChemCo (not its real name), on the other hand, sells areduced their cost of sales while also increasing their
wide variety of chemicals to industries as diverse asoverall conversion rate. The same company is
hair care, food and automobiles. Some of its productsexperimenting with another funnel, one where the lead
are commodities and require nothing more than a pricegeneration source is a Google-targeted marketing
quote along with the specs.campaign leading prospects to its website. The
Others require trials before a prospect will be willing tocompany is attempting to decide whether the
commit to buying, and still other products are soldinvestment is worthwhile and, if so, how much it should
through distributors. Because the sales processes thatinvest. By having a baseline from their other funnel,
these companies (and even the various divisions ofthey will be able to compare the results and make an
ChemCo) use are so different, these companies will,informed investment decision.
by necessity, need to construct sales funnels that lookMeanwhile, executives at ChemCo, measured each of
different.the firm's salespeople all along the funnel. They then
Drawing up a sales funnel is a process that needs tolooked at the top 10% of performers at each stage to
involve the constituents who benefit from it. There arefind out why they were so successful at that particular
many software programs that can help you capturestage. After identifying the factors that made those
and display all of the relevant data, from Excel to morestaffers successful and training the rest of the sales
sophisticated customer relationship managementorganization, ChemCo was able to increase the overall
packages. But a sales funnel can simply be askill level of the sales force. Within six months, overall
step-by-step description of the sales process, and acomparable year-over year revenue had increased
listing of which prospective clients are in which salesover 30%.
stages. It is the process of analyzing and defining theA sales funnel is a powerful tool that helps companies
sales stages and defining what it takes to move frombring some science to the art of selling. It enables you
one level in the funnel to another that is critical. Equallyto see exactly where your process is working well,
important is getting buy-in from the sales staff andand where you need to improve. Armed with that
managers, who will have to make the time to recordknowledge, business owners can plug up leaks in the
how prospects move through the funnel - and whenfunnel.
and why they fall out.