Critical Considerations For Labels In Harsh Environments

While product labels are often the least expensiveAn aesthetically pleasing label can be designed that will
design components and the last items consideredlast the life of a product even in the most demanding
when introducing a new product, product labels have aapplications. However, it is critical to identify all the
significant impact on a product's market appeal andvariables that a label will encounter to ensure the
merchandising. Also, the product label can cause majorproper choice of materials, construction and application
headaches and unnecessary costs for the OEMtechniques.
manufacturer - if the label design and construction areThe following are some critical factors: Product
not properly matched to the customer's applicationSurface
requirements.The type of material and condition of the surface that
Consider the following examples: An elevatorthe label adheres to is one of the most important
manufacturer changed from enamel paint to a powderfactors in selecting the right label construction. For
coated paint after the product has been on the marketexample, powder coated paints are a growing
for several months. Subsequently, their end customersalternative to conventionally painting metal surfaces.
experienced an adhesion failure of its labels notHowever, from an adhesion standpoint, powder
knowing that powder coated paints can be a bondingcoated parts are a much more difficult surface on
challenge. The company had to shut down theirwhich to adhere the label. Where manufacturers
process and implement expensive field rework.switch from standard enamel paints to powder coated
Unfortunately, the label manufacturer was notpaints, and don't change the label -- poor bonding and
consulted when the company switched to its powdercostly revisions can result.
coating process. In the end, a new label constructionNaturally, the surface should be as clean as possible
with a more aggressive adhesive solved the problem.before applying a label. However, in manufacturing
A shipping company utilizes labels adhered to theirprocesses where a completely clean bonding surface
trailers for critical tracking of inventory in transit. Theis not practical or economic, it is possible to use special
labels were applied at a freezing temperature, whichaggressive adhesive systems that will bond even
never gave the pressure sensitive adhesive label aunder such conditions.
chance to "wet-out" and properly bond on theToday, many OEM's are switching to more economical
substrate. Consequently, labels fell off in-transit, creatinggrade plastics, such as polyethylene or polypropylene
delays and additional shipping costs.for their product. These lower surface energy plastics
For many product manufacturers, their labels may notare much more difficult to adhere to than historical
be recognized as a critical component. However, mostmolded plastics, such as polyester, polycarbonate and
companies expect their labels to last for the life of theirPVC. So, it is vital that the label supplier selects an
product to ensure that the critical information on theadhesive formulated to bond to these new materials.
label is available to their customersTemperature The expected temperature range and
Durable Labelsthe amount of time the product is exposed to these
Durable Performance Labels or Harsh Environmenttemperatures are critical factors in determining label
Labels from 3M withstand a wide range ofconstruction. High temperatures can cause some
environmental conditions over the product life.adhesives to soften and "flow." These conditions can
According to Peter Garin, manager at 3M Graphiccause the label to lift, slip, or move. The label
Market Center, if a missing or damaged product labelsubstrates and inks also must withstand the
can cause "potential harm to the consumer, thetemperature extremes. For example, in particularly high
environment or the manufacturer," then Durable Labelstemperature applications where lower temperature film
using 3M face stock and adhesives should belabels are not suitable, a high temperature polyester
considered for that product. Durable Labels using 3Mand/or polyimide label face stock may be needed for
materials are most commonly used for these types ofits dimensional stability.
applications:When applying a label, proper surface temperature is
- Warning Labels - inform the consumer of potentialimportant for ultimate bonding. When the surface is
harm that can result while using or misusing thewarm, the pressure sensitive adhesive will flow more
product.easily, providing a more intimate contact with the
- Critical Information Labels - can include information onsurface. The result is a faster and stronger bond.
emissions, schematics, or other vital information for theConversely, applying a label at a temperature below
operation or use of the product. Specific grade and50˚ F can result in poor bond strength, because
mixture of recommended fuel is considered criticalthe label's pressure sensitive adhesive may be too firm
information.to bond to the substrate.
- Tracking Labels - provide serial numbers, bar coding,UV Exposure
lot numbers, date of manufacture and model numbersUV light can break down adhesives, inks and the
that help track, isolate and identify product whensubstrates, which can destroy both the appearance
potential defects are found.and performance of the label. A product that will see
- Laboratory and Pharmaceutical Labels Laboratoriesextended exposure to sunlight should utilize UV
use harsh cleaning solvents that need to be labeled,resistant inks and an acrylic adhesive system. Rubber
and proper identification of specimens or samples isbased adhesives, while great for its bonding and
critical. For example, blood bags need to be properlysealing, can break down from UV light.
labeled, and it is absolutely vital that the label stay onExposure to Chemicals Label face stocks, adhesives,
the bag. "Even when technical product information isand inks have varying degrees of chemical resistance,
not critical to the application, durable labels may be theaccording to the type and grade of material. It is
best choice for branding, merchandising, or productimportant to understand what chemicals the product
displays on retail and distributor shelves," according towill see during its expected life and the degree of
Darrell Wilk, president of Ace Label Systems, achemical exposure. For example, will the label be
manufacturer of custom printed labels. Company andsubmerged for long periods of time, or will it just be
product branding are essential to the success of manyexposed to splash? The type of solvent or chemical is
products.a critical factor as well. Gasoline is one of the more
So, maintaining the company's logo and product imagecommon chemicals that labels encounter, and it
for as long as that product is in use can be a keyrequires special adhesives and materials, depending on
factor in the selection of the label material andthe level of exposure.
construction. Furthermore, advanced labelingConsult your Supplier
technology can be used to make it difficult forThe most critical factor in label selection for a harsh
competitors to copy a company's logo and provideenvironment application is to involve your supplier early
counterfeit traceability. The appearance and overallin your design process. A knowledgeable supplier who
condition of the labels on retail shelves has a hugefully understands your product application will be in the
impact on consumers. "Go to a home improvementbest position to provide you with a label design which
do-it-yourself warehouse and look at all the productsmeets your appearance and performance
that have labels with bubbles or wrinkles. Manyrequirements.
shoppers make judgments about a product's qualityConsidering key labeling factors in your product design
based on the appearance of the labels. Labels withprocess can also ultimately save valuable time and
poor aesthetics, bubbles or winkles can result in lostmoney as well as contribute to the marketing success
sales," said Peter Garin.of your product.